Resources
Research Term: Worldviews
Summit Lecture Series
Tolerance
"That's true for you, but not for me"
"You can't legislate morality"
"People should be able to decide for themselves"
"You shouldn't force your views on other people"
Statements like these are very prevalent in Western culture today, and it seems that there are no legitimate responses to such assertions. But Greg Koukl believes otherwise, and in this lecture he gives a logical refutation of such circular reasoning. In addition, he provides listeners with accurate and fair analyses of what he calls the “Myth of Neutrality” and the “Myth of Tolerance.” He then turns his attention to practical ways of dealing with these myths and then concludes by looking at and contrasting the current usage of the term “tolerance” with its actual meaning.
The Pluralist Game
Francis Beckwith examines self-refuting claims regarding the nature of truth. Using several illustrations, Beckwith equips the Christian to practice critical thinking skills in order to expose the fallacies of pluralistic claims.
The Meaning of Meaning
What is the meaning of meaning? Michael Bauman discusses two main concepts: ideas have consequences; bad ideas have bad consequences, and sloppy language makes sloppy thought possible. Bauman teaches students to think critically about beliefs that meaning is either author intent or reader interpretation.
The Existence and Nature of God
As belief in the existence of God is consistently challenged by professors, classmates and others, Francis Beckwith offers a discourse on the self-existence of God. He discusses God's nature as all-powerful and all-knowing and the fact that He is a rational agent.
Relativism
Have you ever been asked, who are you to judge? Responding to arguments of moral relativism, Francis Beckwith discusses the difference between moral claims and preference claims, how relativists defend their position using the two main arguments, disagreement and tolerance, and offers suggestions on how to respond to these claims.
Postmodernism 1
Everyone has heard that we live in a postmodern culture, but what does that even mean? This is a clear concise session on the basics of the postmodern worldview from both a historical and ideological perspective. Includes teaching on the key figures of postmodernism.
Postmodernism 2
Everyone has heard that we live in a postmodern culture, but what does that even mean? This is a clear concise session on the basics of the postmodern worldview from both a historical and ideological perspective. Includes teaching on the key figures of postmodernism.
Loving God with Your Mind 1
In Part 1 of this series, J.P. Moreland begins with an account of how he came to know Jesus as his personal Lord and Savior. Moreland describes the biblical picture of a disciple and discusses the importance of spreading values as ambassadors for Christ.
Loving God with Your Mind 2
Part 2 includes a discussion of learning and knowledge. Moreland offers tools that students may employ to improve the exercise of their minds.
Leadership 1
Speaker Jeff Myers begins this series by sharing his own process of becoming a leader. He challenges students to stop viewing themselves from a humanistic viewpoint and rather view themselves as Christ sees them. Myers describes the meaning of a strategic mission. He continues by sharing examples of leaders in history and how each precipitated change in his generation.
Leadership 2
In Part 2, Myers moves into a discussion of goal setting, servant leadership and what it means to be used by God to influence the world.
Leadership 3
Part 3 concludes this series with a discussion of rationality, faith and the weakness of arguments that are based on assumptions.
Confronting the New Age: Why Oprah is Wrong
Dr. Douglas Groothuis of Denver Seminary attempts to convey the urgency and importance with which Christians should treat the growing trend of New Age spirituality. Giving his lecture the subtitle “Why Oprah Is Wrong,” Dr. Groothuis first points out the Biblical support for why defending the truth is imperative for Christians and then proceeds to outline the main tenets of the New Age faith, including those delineated by Eckhart Tolle. Next, he emphasizes the worldview behind the faith and juxtaposes it with Biblical Christianity in order to show their conflicting natures. Last, he urges Christians not only to be aware of imitation faiths, but also to be ready to wage war against counterfeit spirituality.
Christianity and Scientific Naturalism
J.P. Moreland discusses the worldview of Naturalism. Moreland discusses claims of reality and claims of knowledge, and speaks on the naturalist's belief that the only thing that is real is the physical universe. Moreland goes on to discuss naturalists’ claim of knowledge and the claim that the only way a person can know something is through the proof of science — empiricism. All things have to be explained by the laws of nature. Naturalism is the view that science is the entire search for knowledge. Moreland exposes fallacies in naturalistic thinking, and uses examples in nature to argue that science cannot explain all things in the universe.
Ambassadors for Christ
Gregory Koukl begins this lecture with the words of the apostle Paul in 2 Corinthians 5:20: "Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were entreating through us; we beg you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God." Koukl challenges the students to conduct themselves as worthy representatives of Christ. What kind of qualities does an ambassador possess? Koukl presents these qualities in three categories: knowledge (an accurately informed mind), wisdom (and artful method), and requisite character (an attractive manner).
The Journal
2012-01 Journal
IN THIS ISSUE: Why We Study Worldview
» pg. 2 | Letter from the President
» pg. 3 | Top Worldview Issues of 2012
» pg. 7 | Adult Conference Alum Keep Coming Back
* Psychology, Anarchism, Government
2011-12 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE: Examining the Chronic U.S. Debt
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | Christ's Influence on World History
» pg. 7 | Catching Up with a Summit Alum
* Sociology, Economics, Politics, Islam
2011-11 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE: Examining the Chronic U.S. Debt
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | Breakdown of the U.S. Debt
» pg. 7 | Catching Up with a Summit Alum
* Sociology, Economics, Politics, Islam
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2011-10 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | A Look at Our World
* Christianity, Multiculturalism, Origins, Sociology, Economics, and History
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2011-09 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | A Look at Our World
* Christianity, Socialism, Economics, Cuba, and Sociology
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2011-08 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | A Look at Our World
* Christianity, Sociology History, and Education
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2011-07 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | A Look at Our World
* Christianity, Energy and Economics, Ethics, and Politics
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2011-06 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | A Look at Our World
* Christianity, Sociology, Economics, and Islam
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2011-05 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | Summit Oxford Update
» pg. 4 | A Look at Our World
* Christianity, Social Justice, Marxism and Islam, and History
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2011-04 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | Summit Oxford Update
» pg. 3 | A Look at Our World
* Christianity, Social Justice, Marxism and Islam, History, and Socialism
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2011-03 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | A Look at Our World
* Christianity, Economics, Politics, Ethics, Science, and History
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2011-02 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | A Look at Our World
* Christianity, Economics, Ethics, Politics, and Communism
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2011-01 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | A Look at Our World
* Christianity, Socialism, Marxism, Sociology, Economics, Radial Islam, and Communism
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2010-12 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 3 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Science, Origins, and Economics
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2010-11 Summit Journal
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 3 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Economics, Marriage, and Marxism
2010-10 Summit Journal
» pg. 2 | Highlights from around the Globe
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel with contribution from Mike Adams
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Economics, Politics, History, and Ethics
2010-09 Summit Journal
» pg. 2 | Summit Alumni Spotlight: John Hull
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Global Warming, Origin Science, Sociology, Ethics and Leadership
2010-08 Summit Journal
» pg. 2 | Highlights from around the Globe
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Energy, Middle East , Origins, Global Warming, and Communism
2010-07 Summit Journal
» pg. 2 | Highlights from around the Globe
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Communism, Economics, Socialism, and Homosexuality
2010-06 Summit Journal
» pg. 2 | Summit Oxford Update: Michael Ward
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Economics, Climate Change, and Politics
2010-05 Summt Journal
» pg. 2 | Summit Alumni Spotlight: Candice Watters
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Origins, Ethics, Communism, and Social Justice
2010-03 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | A Tribute to Brent Noebel
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Science, Politics, and Leadership
2010-02 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Summit Oxford Update
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Politics, and Ethics
2010-01 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Summit Semester Update
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Relativity, Ethics, Global Warming, and Economics
2009-12 Summit Journal
» pg. 2 | Summit Alumni Spotlight
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
Christianity, History, Ethics, and Politics
2009-11 Summit Journal
» Summit Alumni Spotlight | pg. 2
» Highlights from around the Globe | pgs. 4–7
Christianity, Culture, and Politics
2009-09 Summit Journal
» Student Worldview Conference Update | pgs. 2
» Highlights from around the Globe | pgs. 4–7
Biblical Christianity, Economics and Health Care, the Environment, and Ethics
2007-07 Summit Journal
Journal - July 2007
2007-04 Summit Journal
Journal - April 2007
2007-03 Summit Journal
Journal - March 2007
2007-02 Summit Journal
Journal - February 2007
2007-01 Summit Journal
Journal - January 2007
2006-11 Summit Journal
Journal - November 2006
2006-09 Summit Journal
Journal - September 2006
2006-05 Summit Journal
Journal - May 2006
2006-04 Summit Journal
Journal - April 2006
2006-03 Summit Journal
Journal - March 2006
2006-01 Summit Journal
Journal - January 2006
2005-11 Summit Journal
Journal - November 2005
2005-08 Summit Journal
Journal - August 2005
2005-07 Summit Journal
Journal - July 2005
2005-06 Summit Journal
Journal - June 2005
2005-03 Summit Journal
Journal - March 2005
2005-02 Summit Journal
Journal - February 2005
2005-01 Summit Journal
Journal - January 2005
2004-09 Summit Journal
Journal - September 2004
2004-08 Summit Journal
Journal - August 2004
2004-08 Summit Journal
Journal - July 2004
2004-01 Summit Journal
Journal - January 2004
2003-11 Summit Journal
Journal - November 2003
2003-06 Summit Journal
Journal - June 2003
2003-04 Summit Journal
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2003-03 Summit Journal
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2003-02 Summit Journal
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2003-01 Summit Journal
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2002-07 Summit Journal
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2002-06 Summit Journal
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2002-05 Summit Journal
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2002-04 Summit Journal
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2002-03 Summit Journal
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2002-01 Summit Journal
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2001-12 Summit Journal
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2001-11 Summit Journal
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2001-10 Summit Journal
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2001-08 Summit Journal
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2001-05 Summit Journal
Journal - May 2001
Essays
Islam as the ‘End’ of Christianity (via Answering Islam)
Following the stunning tragedies of 11 September 2001, the world has shifted attention not simply toward the Middle East, but especially toward the religion of Islam. Unfortunately, many Americans perceive Islam merely to be the religion of terrorists. This is simplistic. And while Islam historically has been characterized by warfare and its own version of colonialism, it is understandable why many people in Central America, South Africa and elsewhere have perceived Christianity in similar terms. Since the retreat of the Ottoman Empire and the advance of colonialism by Europeans, Muslims voiced a similar perception of Christianity. Regardless of these perceptions or misperceptions we need to gain a better understanding of just how Muslims view Christianity (which they often identify simply with the West).1 In doing so, I believe we will gain a greater understanding of the Islamic faith itself. The trajectory of Islamic theology that is the focus of this study is that of abrogation; not the Qur’anic dynamic of legal abrogation,2 though that is touched upon, but the assertion that in the religion of Islam, Judaism and Christianity meet their end.
The Worldviews of Destruction in the 20th Century
"Beware lest any man [educator, politician, rock star, news anchorman/woman] take you captive through vain and deceitful philosophy [naturalism, materialism, existentialism, pragmaticism], after the tradition of men [Marx, Darwin, Nietzsche, Wellhausen, Freud, Dewey, Foucault], after the rudiments of the world [socialism, evolution, higher criticism, humanism, moral relativism, deconstructionism, collectivism], and not after Christ." Colossians 2:8...
Total Truth
"Your earlier book says Christians are called to redeem entire cultures, not just individuals," a schoolteacher commented, joining me for lunch at a conference where I had just spoken. Then he added thoughtfully, "I'd never heard that before." The teacher was talking about "How Now Shall We Live?" and at his words I looked up from my plate in surprise. Was he really saying he'd never even heard the idea of being a redemptive force in every area of culture? He shook his head: "No, I've always thought of salvation strictly in terms of individual souls." That conversation helped confirm my decision to write a follow-up book dealing with the worldview themes in How Now Shall We Live? Just a few years ago, when I began my work on that earlier volume, using the term worldview was not on anyone's list of good conversation openers. To tell people that you were writing a book on worldview was to risk glazed stares and a quick change in subject. But today as I travel around the country, I sense
A Biblical Guide to Orthodoxy and Heresy (Part 2) (via CRI)
How do we discern truth from error, sound doctrine from unsound doctrine, orthodoxy from heresy? How do we discern when a doctrine is fully heretical and when it is only aberrational? In Part One of this two-part article I presented a case for doctrinal discernment as a necessary ongoing task of the church. In this concluding part I will suggest some guidelines for carrying out this task in a way that is faithful to Scripture...
A Biblical Guide to Orthodoxy and Heresy (Part 1) (via CRI)
For most Christians today, the challenge of learning how to discern orthodox from heretical doctrine has apparently not been faced. Either they treat doctrine as minimally important and so regard charges of "heresy" as rude and unloving, or they treat doctrine as all-important and so regard anyone who disagrees with them in the slightest as a heretic. In short, most believers seem to think either that there are almost no heretics or that almost everybody outside their own little group is a heretic.The cause of doctrinal discernment, then, is in serious jeopardy. Although anticult and discernment ministries are mushrooming everywhere, many of them operate on the basis of an excessively narrow understanding of orthodoxy. Consequently, such groups are charged deservedly with...
Gnosticism and the Gnostic Jesus (via Equip)
Popular opinion often comes from obscure sources. Many conceptions about Jesus now current and credible in New Age circles are rooted in a movement of spiritual protest which, until recently, was the concern only of the specialized scholar or the occultist. This ancient movement — Gnosticism — provides much of the form and color for the New Age portrait of Jesus as the illumined Illuminator: one who serves as a cosmic catalyst for others' awakening...
A World Split Apart
I am sincerely happy to be here with you on the occasion of the 327th commencement of this old and illustrious university. My congratulations and best wishes to all of today's graduates. Harvard's motto is "VERITAS." Many of you have already found out, and others will find out in the course of their lives, that truth eludes us as soon as our concentration begins to flag, all the while leaving the illusion that we are continuing to pursue it. This is the source of much discord. Also, truth seldom is sweet; it is almost invariably bitter. A measure of truth is included in my speech today, but I offer it as a friend, not as an adversary...
Truth & Consequences
How to Combat Secular Indoctrination
This fall, nearly two million American students will leave for college for the very first time. Their education will cost $12,000 a year for a public university and up to $50,000 for a private one. Scholarships and grants reduce the cost for most families, but still, the Wall Street Journal reports that the average student leaves college with $23,186 in debt. Nationwide, the total cost for this transaction is somewhere between 25 and 40 billion dollars per year. At least families are getting their money's worth. Or not...
Religion Poisons Everything
As I drove back to Colorado Springs from Denver today, the fog was so thick I could barely see the car ahead of me, much less the usual splendor of the Rocky Mountains to the west. I was listening to Tim Keller, pastor of Redeemer Presbyterian Church in Manhattan, who made some interesting points about the nature of faith. In the ongoing dialogue between theists and atheists that permeates society today, theists are often said to rely on faith while atheists rely on reason in the formation of their respective worldviews. Yet, such a stark dichotomy is too simplistic and out of touch with reality...
Ideas Have Consequences
While there are significant disagreements among the various expressions of postmodernism there is a key belief that characterizes all of them: an acute awareness of our “situatedness” as humans. As I described in the previous article (“Ideas Have Histories: Where Postmodernism Came From”), postmoderns deny that there is any overarching story, or metanarrative, to the world. Therefore, we all come from a perspective, or bias, that is shaped by the culture, or the “little stories,” we inhabit. As Kevin Vanhoozer states...
Ideas Have Histories
Postmodernism comes in all kinds of shapes and expressions. This sort of variety can make it difficult to understand. Further, postmodernism resists categories and distinctions, and this makes it more difficult to nail down as a worldview. There is a larger intellectual history that must be understood in order to grasp the uniqueness and significance of postmodernism as a worldview.
Why Students Don’t ‘Get It’
If Christian Smith and Melinda Denton are correct, our key concern in regards to the next generation is that they "get" Christianity. Our primary focus should turn from whether Christian students like church, or whether they think of Jesus as their best friend, or even whether they know why they believe what they believe (though that has been a useful tag line for Summit Ministries for years). Primarily, if Smith and Denton are correct, our focus should be teaching them what Christianity is because, simply put, they don't get it. My experience working with students, most having strong histories in conservative evangelicalism (and representing almost evenly home, private Christian, and public schooling), suggests Smith and Denton are right. I often hear students describe their experience of Christianity in these terms: "I've been a Christian my whole life, but I don't really get it." Or, "I prayed the prayer when I was four, but I don't think it stuck." Or, "I committed my life to Christ when I was fifteen, but I am not sure it stuck." How is it that students who are so deeply engrossed in church culture and who have more access to the Bible, Christian literature, youth programs, and other resources than any generation that has lived since the founding of the church, can be so confused about what Christianity actually is and why it matters? How is it that they possess such a truncated, neutered view of the Kingdom? How is it that these students just don't "get it?"
Helping Students ‘Get It’
In last month's article, I argued that a major project for those of us who work with students is to help them "get" Christianity. While a significant number of Christian students reject Christianity during their university years, far more struggle to embrace a faith that is not really authentic or orthodox. Theirs is a "moralistic therapeutic Deism" as Christian Smith put it; a tame faith that is privatized and perhaps personally meaningful but which is not publically true, culturally significant, or fundamentally informative to the rest of their lives. Rather than trying to make Christianity as attractive and entertaining as possible, we ought instead to be sure that what we are communicating to them is actually Christianity. As I noted, this is very challenging in a culture of information overload, where students are bombarded daily with a multitude of messages, most of which, encourage them toward a mentality of adolescence. Still, there is good news. Adolescently minded cultures like ours inevitably have a leadership vacuum. So, there remains a terrific opportunity for influence for those who produce the leaders, especially if they produce networks of leaders who can think deeply and contribute broadly to a wide variety of cultural institutions. How can we do this?
How to Survive Psychology Graduate School
I recently received the following email: I have a friend who is in graduate school in Psychology at the University of Colorado. She's spent $17,000 (so far) on her education and cannot afford to transfer. But she's finding that if her Christian worldview informs any of her thinking on papers, on exams, etc., she will be downgraded. Other students have told her that if she even appears to espouse a Christian worldview she won't graduate. One of her biggest problems is that she is being forced to (at least appear to) view same-sex marriage as an acceptable alternative lifestyle when she strongly objects to it. I don't know to what degree the school's administration may be under pressure to indoctrinate students into a politically correct, left wing mold, but it worries me. I'd expect this sort of thing at UC-Boulder, but not here. Any suggestions?
God and Government
It seems that all we hear from the campaign trail is constant bickering, blaming the other party for whatever the current national bad news happens to be, and personal attacks on political opponents. These tactics obscure the real issues and cause many Americans to grow weary of the rhetoric. To cut through the fog of political spin we need to get back to the basic ideas that are foundational to good government. To recall those basic concepts, let's start with a question. What would you say is the foundational document of the United States? It may come as a surprise, but according to a Newsweek cover story...
Christianity and Politics
When Wisconsin public high school senior Rachel Horner provided the school faculty with the lyrics of a song she planned to sing at her graduation ceremony, they came "unglued." The reason? The song mentions God three times. The school principal told Rachel that "God" might offend some of the audience and would violate the "separation of church and state." The principal suggested Rachel replace references to "God" with "He," "Him" and "His." When Miss Horner filed a federal lawsuit, the school...
Jesus’ Favorite Mind Games
One Sunday morning the fourth grade Sunday School teacher asked one of her students, "Johnny, what's brown and furry and eats nuts?" Johnny replied, "I know the answer's Jesus, but it sure sounds like a squirrel to me." If you were to make a list of the smartest people who have ever lived, who would be the top on your list? If you were asked this question in a Sunday school class you might be inclined to answer, "Jesus," just because, like Johnny in the incident above, you know that's a safe bet. But could you back up that answer with any facts? Was Jesus smart?
Is There a War between Science and Religion?
Many people today have the impression there is a war between modern science and religion, and that science has won the day. But is that really the case? Are scientific knowledge and religious ideas incompatible? Has science replaced religion as the means for understanding life and mankind's place in the universe? Dr. Ian Hutchinson, Professor at MIT, traces much of the blame for the current hostility between these two disciplines to Andrew Dickson White, former president of Cornell University. In 1898, White wrote a book entitled "A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom." White's preface stated outright that he intended the book to support his battle against the church's control of higher education...
Pop Culture
Francis Schaeffer once wrote that the secular philosophies of intellectuals filter down to the general population through the arts, becoming what we call "popular culture." Thus, pop culture is the prevailing worldview expressed primarily through blockbuster movies, best-selling novels, "top-forty" music, highly rated television shows, the visual arts, and advertising.
Is Faith Blind?
We all know that baloney is not "real" meat. It's just animal parts that are spiced up and mashed together. In other words, it's a cheap imitation of the real thing. In the same way, some ideas are "baloney," cheap imitations of the truth. The next time you hear someone making a claim about something, turn on your baloney detector. You can do that by comparing it to the ideas that come from a biblical worldview. One way to dig deeper into the underlying assumptions is by asking the question...
Expelled, the Movie
Most of us take academic freedom for granted. We assume that freedom of speech applies not only to the political and social arena but also to the halls of education. However, the foundations of freedom are experiencing seismic tremors in the academy. In the area of science education the freedom to pursue the truth where ever it leads is experiencing a major setback. It is the equivalent of a modern-day black-list! What can jeopardize someone's work in the academy? Criticizing Darwinian evolution, or, worse, suggesting that life displays evidence of . . . we better whisper it . . . intelligence.
Read Any Good Books Lately?
A federal judge ruled last January (2008) that a southeastern Missouri school district's long-standing practice of allowing the distribution of Bibles to grade school students is unconstitutional. This is the latest salvo by the courts to secularize our society. The misguided notion that the public square and especially the public school must be scrubbed clean of any references to Christianity continues to gain force. There are, however, many educators who would disagree with this conclusion, as the following article, written by a friend, Kim Kinney, demonstrates...
The New Atheists
Perhaps it goes without saying that the "new atheists" have arrived. Richard Dawkins, Sam Harris and Christopher Hitchens (among others) have recently published volumes capturing many intellects and imaginations. As international bestsellers, their publishing efforts are likely to produce challenges to our faith for years to come. These authors have superb rhetorical skills and deploy the English language to great effect. Dawkins and Hitchens have particular appeal with their posh British accents and witty idioms. It is not that their polemics are novel, however, nor their arguments especially successful. And they have not gone unanswered. Yet it appears they have not...
Martin Luther King and Natural Law
On the third Monday of every January our nation celebrates Martin Luther King, Jr.'s birthday. It was King, more than any other public figure of the past century, who pricked the nation's conscience concerning the injustice of treating people differently because of the color of their skin. But while most of us recall King for his efforts as a civil rights leader, few people are aware of the specific reasons why King fought so valiantly for equality before the law. King understood that ideas about individual liberty and civil justice must come from prior assumptions concerning the law. These assumptions are grounded on considerations of what is morally right and, ultimately, on the nature of God. But sadly, we have forgotten those principles...
Becoming a World-changer
Are you looking for a great Christmas gift that every member of your family will appreciate? How about a gift that will change the world for the better! You may be thinking, what kind of gift would do that? Let me explain. What's the greatest gift you can give someone? As Christians, our immediate answer to that question is "Salvation, God's free gift!" That's true. In fact, Jesus' Great Commission in Matthew 28:19–20 has been the marching orders for the church throughout the past 2,000 years. And usually we think of presenting the Gospel as the primary means of fulfilling the command to "make disciples of all nations." However...
Why Students Abandon Their Faith
A biblical worldview approach to life and learning has never been more needed than in today's pluralistic/postmodern culture. Christian students face hostility to their faith from one side, and apathy to anything of importance from the other side. And, sadly, the casualties are high. When it comes to the spiritual life of teenagers, the statistics are not very encouraging. According to a recent study by the Higher Education Research Institute at UCLA, after three years in college, the number of students who frequently attend religious services drops by...
Separating Secular Humanism and the State
Secular Humanism is a well-articulated worldview. This is evident from the three Humanist Manifestos written in 1933 and revised in 1973 and again in 2000. According to their own pronouncements, Secular Humanists are atheists who believe that the scientific method is the primary way we can know about life and living, from understanding who we are as humans to questions of ethics, social issues, and politics. However, apart from the specifics of what Secular Humanists believe, the pressing issue is this: is Secular Humanism a religion?
Leading a Worldview Study
As students, we have the potential to change our schools, state, and the world in a way that no other person can. I am currently a college junior, and from my experiences in the university and while studying abroad, I've realized that the college years are when we develop the beliefs that we will most likely adhere to for the rest of our lives. However, developing a coherent set of beliefs can be a very confusing task because we are constantly bombarded with various worldviews and ideas, not only from the lecture hall, but also from the media, our peers, and society. It's as if each of our minds is like a...
Dawkins and Shear Luck
Richard Dawkins, Oxford professor and bestselling author, is out to convince the public that macro-evolution — the idea that all present forms of life have evolved from simpler forms — is the scientific gospel. And he makes this claim with the fervor of the most committed televangelist. In his latest book, "The God Delusion," Dawkins presents his case for why natural selection is the best answer for why we observe design in nature. But there is a fly in this naturalistic ointment that undermines Dawkins' premise and makes his conclusion untenable. Worldview analysis uncovers the problem...
Dawkins’ Impossible Mountain
In Richard Dawkins' best-selling book, "The God Delusion," he sets out to prove why there is "almost certainly no God." However, in analyzing the first three chapters in last month's Truth and Consequences, we found a flurry of unsubstantiated claims, straw man arguments, non sequiturs, and question begging. Not a very good start for a book that claims to have vanquished God to the dustbin of ignorance and superstition. But in Chapter 4 Dawkins enters his area of expertise, biology. And it is here that he makes his most vigorous argument for why God does not exist. Dawkins begins by examining the question: How can we account for...
Dawkins’ Delusional Arguments against God
British ethologist Richard Dawkins, professor for the Public Understanding of Science at Oxford University, is a long-time popularizer of Darwinian evolution, ardent proponent of atheism, and prominent debunker of religion. In his latest book,"The God Delusion" (Houghton Mifflin, 2006), Dawkins' thesis is that belief in a supernatural creator qualifies as a delusion, which he defines as a persistent false belief held in the face of strong contradictory evidence. Over the past several months, Dawkins has received...
Thinking Worldviewishly
"What's your worldview?" Try that question on a friend sometime. What do you think would be the typical response? A blank stare? A forty-five minute monologue? If you asked the average person about their philosophy of life, you would probably get some sort of answer, even if it turned out to be a little sketchy. While many people may not be sure what they believe, they would admit to some set of ultimate beliefs and values. This set of beliefs, or worldview, is the basis for...
Christianity and Slavery
In the United States, February is designated as "Black History Month." The history of the black race is steeped in the matter of slavery and this raises the issue of the role Christianity played in the practice of selling and owning other people. It's been popular in recent years to accuse Christianity of being a primary promoter of slavery. For example, William McDonald of the New York Times wonders...
Of Unicorns and Straw Men
Dear Mr. Kagin, Recently a friend told me about your camp, Camp Quest, an unique camp for children of secular humanists. I visited your website and noted that, according to your 2005 Camp Director's letter, you offer a prize of a one hundred dollar bill" to any camper who can prove that two invisible unicorns do not reside at your camp. I assume this challenge is to develop...
What Does Postmodern Mean?
We live in a postmodern world. Or, so we're told. But what does this mean? On one level, postmodern is a word used to describe major changes in the underlying ways people think — especially the way people view truth and reality. Postmodern is a term of contrast which implies modern. But before modern, there was pre-modern. To understand postmodern, it helps to consider the main differences in the way each of the three "moderns" relate to truth and reality...
Should Christian Go to War?
With the recent escalation of war between Israel and Hezbollah, the debate continues among Christians over the issues of violence and pacifism. Some Christians believe war is a viable response to injustice, while others disagree. This raises the popular question, what would Jesus do and by extension, what should a Christian do? Does Jesus advocate a nonviolent, nonresistant pacifism, or does he allow for self-defense and military action, up to and including war?
The End of Humanism
Remember humanism? That optimistic belief that human beings are the apex of the universe, the source of all values, and the measure of all things? Throughout the 20th century, many intellectuals believed that humanism would take the place of the world's religions. And yet, even within the world of humanism, the status of "Man" has been diminishing. In the sequence of Humanist Manifestos issued over the years, what began with the exaltation of "Man" has been reduced to the exaltation of...
The Influence of the Secular Humanist Worldview
Secular Humanism (SH) is a well-defined worldview. The Humanist Manifestos of 1933, 1973, and 2000 explain the details of their beliefs. Topping the list is their belief that God does not exist, or at least there is insufficient evidence for the existence of God. From that theological foundation, Secular Humanists have developed a comprehensive view on various issues, including the nature of man, moral values, the role of the state, plus other areas. Over the past 75 years, Secular Humanists have exerted significance influence over a wide range of culture shaping arenas, including...
Why the Grinch is Stealing Christmas
Like the Grinch of Dr. Seuss fame, there are those who are working hard to erase every public expression of Christmas in USA'ville. To list just a few examples, consider the following...
Debunking the Flat Earth Myth
Do you remember hearing about Columbus convincing the Spanish monarchs that he would not fall off the edge of the Earth during his voyage to the Indies? It makes for a good story, but historians now recognize that it never could have happened. Although some have blamed Christianity for teaching that the world was flat, most educated people of Western society since the 4th century have believed that the Earth was a sphere. Yet, the flat Earth myth was widely believed to be spread by...
Why Students Walk away from Christ and What Can be Done about It
When it comes to the spiritual life of college students, the statistics are not very encouraging. According to a recent study by the Higher Education Research Institute at U.C.L.A., after three years in college, the number of students who frequently attend religious services drops by 23 percent. The study also confirms that 36 percent rated their spirituality lower after three years in college. Another study, the "College Student Survey," asked students to indicate their current religious commitment. Comparing the responses of freshmen who checked the "born again" category with the answers they gave four years later, we find that up to 59 percent no longer describe themselves as "born again." That's a 60 percent...
Psychology, Humanism and the Battle of the Gods
In ancient Israel, as Elijah was squaring off on Mt. Carmel with the prophets of Baal, he proposed a dramatic encounter, challenging them to enlist their gods in a dual of strength. He understood that ultimately this was a battle of whose God was real, and confronted the people with the challenge, "How long will you waver between two opinions? If the LORD is God, follow him; but if Baal is God, follow him." In our own day, not much has changed. The self-styled promoters of foreign gods stand arrayed to do battle with the God of the Bible, and with the battle raging in every quarter of society, the causalities often come through the doors of the counselor's office.
One Flew over the Cuckoo’s DNA
There is one issue that is foundational to every worldview — the question of the existence of God. All other issues of life, from psychology to ethics to politics, are simply a postscript to how that question is answered. So the first question is: Is God real? A traditional reason given for God's existence revolves around the apparent design found in all living things. The English theologian William Paley detailed this argument in his Natural Theology of 1802. Paley noted that if a watch was found lying on the ground, one would not assume...
Is John Kerry Listening?
After graduating Summit's Summer Conference, Vickie Tarleton was able to put her training into action, authoring an editorial that appeared in the Jackson Progress Argus on October 20, 2004. Vickie has given us permission to use her article with slight emendations to all our readers...
Popular Culture
Francis Schaeffer once wrote that the secular philosophies of intellectuals filter down to the general population through the arts, becoming what we call "popular culture. Thus, "popular culture" is the prevailing worldview expressed primarily through blockbuster movies, best-selling novels, "top-forty" music, highly rated television shows, the visual arts, and advertising. George Lucas clearly understands his role as a film writer and director when he said that...
Why Christians Should Vote
Americans are blessed to have a "government of the people, by the people, and for the people." But democracy has one key requirement: our participation. And the most basic democratic participation is voting. Yet it can also have the most profound impact. When you vote, you help determine who will lead our nation, make our laws and protect our liberties. More than a right, voting is a privilege that millions of people in other parts of the world can only dream about. Still, many Americans choose not to vote....
Politics and the Christian
When Wisconsin public high school senior Rachel Horner provided the school faculty with the lyrics of a song she planned to sing at her graduation ceremony, they came "unglued." The reason? The song mentions God three times. The school principal told Rachel that "God" might offend some of the audience and would violate the "separation of church and state." The principal suggested Rachel replace references to "God" with "He," "Him" and "His." When Miss Horner filed a federal lawsuit, the school...
Let Freedom Ring
For those of us living in the United States, the Fourth of July brings smells of roasted hotdogs and the sights and sounds of fireworks — a time to celebrate our national commitment to individual liberty. This sentiment is memorialized in the song, My Country, Tis of Thee — the final stanza beckoning us to "let freedom ring." And according to Freedom House, a human rights organization, more and more of the world's population is hearing freedom's song. In fact, individual freedom has been...
Science and Religion
Many people today have the impression that there is a war between modern science and religion, and that science has won the day. But is that really the case? Are scientific knowledge and religious ideas incompatible? Has science replaced religion as the means for understanding life and mankind's place in the universe? Dr. Ian Hutchinson, Professor at MIT, traces much of the blame for the current hostility between these two disciplines to...
The Importance of Worldview Training
The article below was the first Truth&Consequences launched by Summit Ministries. It outlines our concerns for our present culture, a concern shared by many Christians today. Summit's vision incorporates a solution to this growing problem. This free monthly article is a means to that ultimate vision. Every month Summit will launch a new issue, exploring current worldview topics using our unique worldview analysis, discussion tips, and the best resources available in order to equip you to champion the Christian faith.




