The Foundations of Modern Science
Wishing to address the notion that religion and science are like oil and water, Dr. Michael Buratovich of Spring Arbor University takes a look at the history of modern science and how it developed. Calling into question the motives of scientists who have propagated the “oil-and-water” idea, he asserts that science as we know it would not exist without the Christian worldview. He then jumps into a journey through the years of all the minds behind the concepts we follow today, including men like Roger Bacon, William of Occam, Francis Bacon, Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler, and Galileo Galilei, noting the frameworks within which they studied the world. He then describes how many aspects of Christianity and science are in “lock-step” with each other, with scientific practice being grounded in the ideological framework of Christianity. He proposes that this explains why science flourished in the Christian west and floundered in the pantheistic East and concludes by reminding students to consider a career in science in order to bring it back to its roots.
Global Warming
Dr. E. Calvin Beisner of the Cornwall Alliance for Environmental Stewardship speaks about the highly publicized and (seemingly) widely accepted Global Warming Movement. Having studied the topic for the last 15 to 20 years, Dr. Beisner comes armed with myriad facts and research about earth’s natural cycles, humankind’s contribution to these cycles, and a more realistic approach to our future. In the first segment, he addresses the scientists and so-called “science” behind the Movement, while also providing students with a breakdown of the earth’s atmosphere, how it regulates temperature, how the sun affects these temperatures, and a perspective of how much (or little) man’s activity actually changes the atmosphere’s composition. He also demonstrates how the evidence and data support the idea that recent and foreseeable climate change is well within the bounds of natural variability, is largely natural in cause, and isn’t likely to produce catastrophic effects. He concludes that while human contribution to global warming is real, it is minimal and unnoticeable by any living being.
Christianity and Scientific Naturalism
J.P. Moreland discusses the worldview of Naturalism. Moreland discusses claims of reality and claims of knowledge, and speaks on the naturalist's belief that the only thing that is real is the physical universe. Moreland goes on to discuss naturalists’ claim of knowledge and the claim that the only way a person can know something is through the proof of science — empiricism. All things have to be explained by the laws of nature. Naturalism is the view that science is the entire search for knowledge. Moreland exposes fallacies in naturalistic thinking, and uses examples in nature to argue that science cannot explain all things in the universe.
2012-01 Journal
IN THIS ISSUE: Why We Study Worldview
» pg. 2 | Letter from the President
» pg. 3 | Top Worldview Issues of 2012
» pg. 7 | Adult Conference Alum Keep Coming Back
* Psychology, Anarchism, Government
2011-10 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | A Look at Our World
* Christianity, Multiculturalism, Origins, Sociology, Economics, and History
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2011-03 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 3 | A Look at Our World
* Christianity, Economics, Politics, Ethics, Science, and History
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2010-12 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 3 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Science, Origins, and Economics
* More articles can be found in the online version of The Journal at summit.org
2010-09 Summit Journal
» pg. 2 | Summit Alumni Spotlight: John Hull
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Global Warming, Origin Science, Sociology, Ethics and Leadership
2010-08 Summit Journal
» pg. 2 | Highlights from around the Globe
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Energy, Middle East , Origins, Global Warming, and Communism
2010-06 Summit Journal
» pg. 2 | Summit Oxford Update: Michael Ward
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Economics, Climate Change, and Politics
2010-05 Summt Journal
» pg. 2 | Summit Alumni Spotlight: Candice Watters
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Origins, Ethics, Communism, and Social Justice
2010-04 Summt Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Summit Alumni Spotlight: James Strang
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor: David A. Noebel
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Economics, History, Marriage and Family, and Global Warming
2010-03 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | A Tribute to Brent Noebel
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Science, Politics, and Leadership
2010-01 Summit Journal
IN THIS ISSUE:
» pg. 2 | Summit Semester Update
» pg. 3 | Letter from the Editor
» pg. 4 | Highlights from around the Globe
* Christianity, Relativity, Ethics, Global Warming, and Economics
Principles of a Christian Environmental Ethic (via Leadership U)
"Where do you live?" is a question most people have been asked many times. When answering this question, our automatic response is most likely to think about the place where our homes made out of brick, wood or stone are located. How would God answer the question of where each one of us lives? What physical home or homes has God given to all people? The Bible teaches that when we put our faith and trust in Jesus Christ, He will lead us to an eternal heavenly home prepared by God. But, until we are called to live forever with God in our heavenly homes, we must live within...
Christian Environmentalism (via Probe)
The news media is full of stories concerning environmental disasters of one kind or another, from global warming to endangered species to destruction of the rain forests to nuclear accidents. It is not hard to notice that the environmental issue receives very little attention in Christian circles. There are so many other significant issues that occupy our attention that we seem to think of the environment as somebody else's issue. Many Christians are openly skeptical of the reality of any environmental crisis. It is viewed as a liberal issue, or New Age propaganda, or just plain unimportant since this earth will be destroyed after the millennium. What we fail to realize is that Christians have a sacred responsibility to the earth and the creatures within it. The earth is being affected by humans in an unprecedented manner, and we do not know what the short or long term effects will be.
The Garden and the Wilderness
Genesis 1:1 tells us, "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth." Verse 2 adds, "The earth was without form, and void; and darkness was on the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters." Verses 3 through 30 then tell us how God went about giving form and content to what was once without form and void. Throughout the process, He brought increasing order out of chaos. By speaking the word, He made light, and divided it from darkness, and gave each a name: He called the light Day and the darkness Night (verses 4–5). By speaking the word, He made a firmament to divide the waters above from those below, and gave it a name: Heaven (verses 6–8). By speaking the word, He separated the waters from the dry land, and gave each a name: He called the dry land Earth, and the waters Seas (verses 9–10). Then He turned His attention away from the Seas, toward the Earth, and brought order there. By speaking the word, He made...
What is Darwinism? (via ARN)
There is a popular television game show called "Jeopardy," in which the usual order of things is reversed. Instead of being asked a question to which they must supply the answer, the contestants are given the answer and asked to provide the appropriate question. This format suggests an insight that is applicable to law, to science, and indeed to just about everything. The important thing is not necessarily to know all the answers, but rather to know what question is being asked. That insight is the starting point for my inquiry into Darwinian evolution and its relationship to creation, because Darwinism is the answer to two very different kinds of questions. First, Darwinian theory tells us how...
Is Science a Help or Threat to Faith? (via Equip)
From space travel to organ transplants, one of the most important influences shaping the modern world is science. Amazingly, people who lived during the Civil War had more in common with Abraham than with us. If Christians are going to speak to that world and interact with it responsibly, they must interact with science. The question is, how are we to understand the relationship between science and Christianity?
Science and the Bible
It's the first day of school. As you walk out of Biology class, your friend, Joey, pulls up beside you in the hall and says, "Mr. Matson was really onto that "evolution" and "creation" thing today in class. I don't see what the big problem is. What does it matter what you think about how life originated? Can't we just study plants and animals and not worry about how they got here? What difference does it make if some god created life or if life evolved all by itself from the "primordial" soup billions of years ago?"
The Scientific Evidence for Creation
In order for a theory to qualify as a scientific theory it must be supported by observations that are repeatably observable and the theory must, in principle, be falsifiable. That is, there must be some way to demonstrate that the theory is false if indeed it is false. Neither creation nor evolution fulfils the criteria of a scientific theory. There were no human observers to the origin of the universe, the origin of life, or to theorigin of a single living thing. These events occurred in the unobservable past and are not repeatable in the present. Creation and evolution are inferences based on circumstantial evidence. They are theories about history. Stephen Jay Gould, Harvard professor and a leading spokesman for evolutionary theory today, states that "Evolutionary biology is a quintessential historical discipline" and he pays great honor to evolutionist Ernst Mayr as a "great historical scientist." Is an evolutionary event observable, even repeatably observable? Theodosius Dobzhansky, a famous evolutionist, has said...
Can Intelligent Design be Empirically Detected?
To say that the battle between creation and evolution rages today would be, as the proverbial saying goes, an understatement. Why has this topic become such a point of contention since the publishing of Darwin's The Origin of Species? Is the main reason a simple disagreement about what the empirical data represents or is there something more going on? The short answer is yes and yes. The two sides are coming away with completely different conclusions about what the data tells us and something much deeper is at the root of why such diametrically opposing views are held...
Academic Freedom Day
The famous Pink Floyd song that laments, "We don't need no education / We don't need no thought control," is not just the rant of a rebellious mind; it is also a sad commentary on the lack of academic freedom in education today. Academic freedom does not simply mean you have the freedom to agree with everyone else. True academic freedom means you have the freedom to think for yourself — even when your views run counter to the majority "elite." In the scientific community, academic freedom is vital because science only progresses when scientists are able to think for themselves and ask hard questions about the prevailing wisdom. Few scientists understood the importance of the principle of academic freedom better than Charles Darwin...
Is There a War between Science and Religion?
Many people today have the impression there is a war between modern science and religion, and that science has won the day. But is that really the case? Are scientific knowledge and religious ideas incompatible? Has science replaced religion as the means for understanding life and mankind's place in the universe? Dr. Ian Hutchinson, Professor at MIT, traces much of the blame for the current hostility between these two disciplines to Andrew Dickson White, former president of Cornell University. In 1898, White wrote a book entitled "A History of the Warfare of Science with Theology in Christendom." White's preface stated outright that he intended the book to support his battle against the church's control of higher education...
Expelled, the Movie
Most of us take academic freedom for granted. We assume that freedom of speech applies not only to the political and social arena but also to the halls of education. However, the foundations of freedom are experiencing seismic tremors in the academy. In the area of science education the freedom to pursue the truth where ever it leads is experiencing a major setback. It is the equivalent of a modern-day black-list! What can jeopardize someone's work in the academy? Criticizing Darwinian evolution, or, worse, suggesting that life displays evidence of . . . we better whisper it . . . intelligence.
The New Atheists
Perhaps it goes without saying that the "new atheists" have arrived. Richard Dawkins, Sam Harris and Christopher Hitchens (among others) have recently published volumes capturing many intellects and imaginations. As international bestsellers, their publishing efforts are likely to produce challenges to our faith for years to come. These authors have superb rhetorical skills and deploy the English language to great effect. Dawkins and Hitchens have particular appeal with their posh British accents and witty idioms. It is not that their polemics are novel, however, nor their arguments especially successful. And they have not gone unanswered. Yet it appears they have not...
Responding to Biased Professors
Dear Mr. Edwards, I am a freshman at St. John Fisher College. Classes began only a week ago and already my faith is being attacked. My professor is very passionate about the subject, but even more passionate about his claim that Creation and Intelligent Design are not science and are just religious beliefs. He attacked Christianity at key points. Although I would rather not have it cost me an A in his class, I want to defend my faith and although I will most likely not convince him, I have a chance of planting seeds in the minds of my classmates. My dilemma is how should I respond to his claims?
Dawkins and Shear Luck
Richard Dawkins, Oxford professor and bestselling author, is out to convince the public that macro-evolution — the idea that all present forms of life have evolved from simpler forms — is the scientific gospel. And he makes this claim with the fervor of the most committed televangelist. In his latest book, "The God Delusion," Dawkins presents his case for why natural selection is the best answer for why we observe design in nature. But there is a fly in this naturalistic ointment that undermines Dawkins' premise and makes his conclusion untenable. Worldview analysis uncovers the problem...
Dawkins’ Impossible Mountain
In Richard Dawkins' best-selling book, "The God Delusion," he sets out to prove why there is "almost certainly no God." However, in analyzing the first three chapters in last month's Truth and Consequences, we found a flurry of unsubstantiated claims, straw man arguments, non sequiturs, and question begging. Not a very good start for a book that claims to have vanquished God to the dustbin of ignorance and superstition. But in Chapter 4 Dawkins enters his area of expertise, biology. And it is here that he makes his most vigorous argument for why God does not exist. Dawkins begins by examining the question: How can we account for...
Dawkins’ Delusional Arguments against God
British ethologist Richard Dawkins, professor for the Public Understanding of Science at Oxford University, is a long-time popularizer of Darwinian evolution, ardent proponent of atheism, and prominent debunker of religion. In his latest book,"The God Delusion" (Houghton Mifflin, 2006), Dawkins' thesis is that belief in a supernatural creator qualifies as a delusion, which he defines as a persistent false belief held in the face of strong contradictory evidence. Over the past several months, Dawkins has received...
Of Monkeys and Men
An artist's rendering of the face of a half-monkey/half-man graced the October 9, 2006 cover story for Time magazine. Titled, "What Makes Us Different?," the article's tagline responded, "Not very much, when you look at our DNA." For seven pages, the article highlights the latest research into mapping the genome of the chimpanzee compared with the human genome. We are told that of the 3 billion base pairs in the human genome, only 1.23 percent are different from that of the chimp's DNA. But does this mean, as the article states, that these great apes are man's "closest relatives on the tree of life"? Not necessarily...
What Was Eric Cornell Thinking?
Eric Cornell won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 2001. He authored an essay in the November 14, 2005 edition of Time magazine titled, "What Was God Thinking? Science Can't Tell." Cornell makes the point that the idea of "intelligent design" (ID) should not be taught in science class since "science isn't about knowing the mind of God." Instead ID should be confined to courses in philosophy or religion. Cornell's comments are the latest salvo in the battle against introducing any competing theory to that of Darwinian evolution. Yet, there are several problems with Cornell's thesis...
Debunking the Flat Earth Myth
Do you remember hearing about Columbus convincing the Spanish monarchs that he would not fall off the edge of the Earth during his voyage to the Indies? It makes for a good story, but historians now recognize that it never could have happened. Although some have blamed Christianity for teaching that the world was flat, most educated people of Western society since the 4th century have believed that the Earth was a sphere. Yet, the flat Earth myth was widely believed to be spread by...
Evolution of the Eye
A student recently emailed with the following question: "Isn't it true that Darwin admitted before he died that he couldn't explain the complexity of the human eye?" Here is my answer: Darwin did say that the eye gave him a problem based on his theory of gradual evolution, but he did not say it at the end of his life. He wrote it in his book, On the Origin of Species, published in 1859. Darwin mentioned the eye by way of illustrating how an organ this complex "could" have evolved. But then, instead of providing a scientific explanation, showing actual evidence from the fossil record for example, Darwin proceeds to...
One Flew over the Cuckoo’s DNA
There is one issue that is foundational to every worldview — the question of the existence of God. All other issues of life, from psychology to ethics to politics, are simply a postscript to how that question is answered. So the first question is: Is God real? A traditional reason given for God's existence revolves around the apparent design found in all living things. The English theologian William Paley detailed this argument in his Natural Theology of 1802. Paley noted that if a watch was found lying on the ground, one would not assume...
Defending a Biblical View in School
Dear Mr. Edwards, I am a summit graduate from session 3 of this past summer!! I and a friend of mine who also attended Summit are enrolled in an anthropology class at our high school co-taught by two extremely liberal and Darwin-believing teachers. We are currently reading Shadows of Forgotten Ancestors by Carl Sagan. I assume that you are familiar with this book. I am a firm believer in creation, so there's no problem there, however it is a little hard to swallow the evolution/Darwin/big bang theories that they're stuffing down our throats, telling us that we are basically small-minded to not at least consider the possibility of...
Science and Religion
Many people today have the impression that there is a war between modern science and religion, and that science has won the day. But is that really the case? Are scientific knowledge and religious ideas incompatible? Has science replaced religion as the means for understanding life and mankind's place in the universe? Dr. Ian Hutchinson, Professor at MIT, traces much of the blame for the current hostility between these two disciplines to...